Certified Emergency Nurse (CEN) Practice Test

Which burn pattern is suggestive of abuse?

1. Burns on the arms and legs

2. Circular burns with clear lines of demarcation

3. Burns located on exposed areas

4. Burns from minor household contacts

The correct answer is: Circular burns with clear lines of demarcation

Circular burns with clear lines of demarcation are a distinctive pattern that raises concern for potential abuse. This type of burn pattern can often indicate that a person has been deliberately harmed, as the clarity and uniform shape suggest intent rather than accidental injury. For instance, such burns may be caused by the application of a hot object, like a cigarette or a curling iron, which leaves a definitive mark. The distinct edges further support the idea of intentional injury, as accidental burns typically do not present with such precise delineation. In contrast, other burn patterns, such as those on arms and legs or located on exposed areas, can occur due to common accidents, making them less suggestive of abuse. Additionally, burns from minor household contacts are generally associated with unintentional injuries, often seen in children who are exploring their environments. Thus, patterns that show signs of intent or specific shapes, like circular burns, are more concerning in the context of potential abuse and warrant additional inquiry and investigation.